Fluorinated zwitterionic cocatalyst activators for olefin polymerization

ABSTRACT

Zwitterionic compositions of matter comprising cations [Ct] +  and anions connected together with substantially rigid fluorinated linking groups are described. These zwitterionic compositions serve as cocatalysts. They activate olefin polymerization catalysts, and can dissolve in aliphatic solvents. Synthesis and polymerization are illustrated.

RELATED CASES

This application claims the priority benefit of U.S. Provisionalapplications, 60/246,302 and 60/274,788, filed on Nov. 6, 2000 and Mar.9, 2001 respectively.

FIELD OF INVENTION

This invention relates to polymerization cocatalyst compounds containingweakly coordinating Group-13-element anions and to the preparation ofolefin polymers using ionic catalyst systems based on organometallictransition-metal cationic compounds stabilized by these anions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The term “noncoordinating anion” (NCA) is now accepted terminology inthe field of olefin and vinyl molecule, coordination, insertion, andcarbocationic polymerization. See, for example, EP 0 277 003, EP 0 277004, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,198,401, 5,278,119, and Baird, Michael C., et al,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 6435-6436. The noncoordinating anions aredescribed to function as electronic stabilizing cocatalysts, orcounterions, for active, cationic metallocene polymerization catalysts.The term noncoordinating anion applies both to truly noncoordinatinganions and to coordinating anions that are labile enough to undergoreplacement by olefinically or acetylenically unsaturated molecules atthe insertion site. These noncoordinating anions can be effectivelyintroduced into a polymerization medium as Bronsted acid saltscontaining charge-balancing countercations, as ionic cocatalystcompounds, or mixed with an organometallic catalyst before adding it tothe polymerization medium. See also, the review articles by S. H.Strauss, “The Search for Larger and More Weakly Coordinating Anions,”Chem. Rev., 93, 927-942 (1993).

U.S. Pat. No. 5,502,017, to Marks et al., addresses ionic metallocenecatalysts for olefin polymerization containing a weakly coordinatinganion comprising boron substituted with halogenated aryl substituentspreferably containing silylalkyl substitution, such as at-butyldimethyl-silyl substitution. Marks et al. disclose the weaklycoordinating anion as the cocatalyst. The silylalkyl substitution issaid to increase the solubility and thermal stability of the resultingmetallocene salts. Examples 3-5 describe synthesis of and polymerizationwith the cocatalyst compound triphenylcarbenium tetrakis(4-dimethyl-t-butylsilyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl) borate.

In view of the above, there is a continuing need for olefinpolymerization activators both to improve the industrial economics ofsolution polymerization and to provide alternative activating compoundsfor ionic, olefin polymerization catalyst systems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides zwitterionic cocatalyst compounds that can becombined with catalyst precursor compounds to form active catalysts forolefin insertion, coordination, or carbocationic polymerization, as wellas catalyst systems containing such cocatalyst and catalyst precursorcompounds. (For purposes of this document, “cocatalyst compound” isinterchangeable with “cocatalyst activator compound” and “activator”).Olefin polymerization can proceed by catalyst formation followed by, orin situ catalyst formation essentially concurrent with, contacting thecatalyst with appropriate molecules: those having accessible, olefinicor acetylenic unsaturation or having olefinic unsaturation capable ofcationic polymerization. More generally, an appropriate molecule is onethat is polymerizable by a catalyst system that uses the inventionzwitterionic cocatalyst compounds. Invention catalysts are suitable forpreparing polymers and copolymers from olefinically and acetylenicallyunsaturated molecules. These zwitterionic cocatalyst compounds containboth an anion and a cation within the same molecule. The cocatalyst'sanionic portion contains a Group-13 element bound to fluoroaryl ligandsin which at least one fluoroaryl ligand is substituted with at least onecationic ammonium group. The proton from the cationic ammonium group canextract an alkyl group from, or break a carbon-metal bond in, anorganometallic compound (i.e., the catalyst precursor) upon contact withthe compound. This process leaves a cationic catalyst and a neutralamine substitution on at least one fluoroaryl ligand of theGroup-13-based noncoordinating anion (the ‘formerly’ zwitterionic,cocatalyst compound).

An invention cocatalyst activator compound can be represented by thefollowing formula:(ArF)₃MC_(n)F_(n−2)NR₂H

Where —NR₂H is a cationic moiety or pendant group. This moiety canabstract an alkyl group, or break a carbon-metal bond of the catalystprecursor (to activate it). M is a Group-13 element; some embodimentsselect boron or aluminum; ArF is a fluorinated aryl group; and each R isindependently selected from C₁-C₃₀ hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilylsubstituents. Some embodiments attach R to the silicon atom through asecondary or tertiary carbon atom.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Schematically, the zwitterionic cocatalyst can be represented asAn⁻—spacing group—Ct⁺.An⁻ represents an anionic portion, Ct⁺ represents a cationic portion,and ‘spacing group’ represents a molecular portion that connects betweenAn⁻ and Ct⁺.

An⁻ is a molecular anionic portion that is capable of stabilizing orcharge balancing the active catalyst when combined with ‘spacing group’and neutralized Ct⁺ and is otherwise stable in the desiredpolymerization process. Selecting An⁻ with a Group-13 central atom isuseful. Group-13 elements are sometimes referred to as triels,abbreviated Tr. Some embodiments select the triel to be B or Al.Fluorinated aryl ligands, Arf, sometimes serve as the ligands of An⁻.For instance, exemplary molecular anionic portions are (ArF)₃B⁻— and(ArF)₃Al⁻—.

The ligands around the Group-13 atom serve to stabilize the charge onthe ion. Furthermore, the ligands control the degree of contact betweenthe catalyst and cocatalyst. With appropriate An⁻, these two effectsdiminish the ionic attraction between the catalyst and cocatalyst.Alternatively, An⁻ can be an assembly in which the anionic chargespreads out over the molecule making the charge more diffuse. Aftercatalyst activation, the cocatalyst should either be completelynon-coordinating or coordinate weakly enough so that the anion does notsubstantially impede the monomer's access to the catalyst.

Phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, anthracyl, fluorenyl, azulenyl,phenanthrenyl, and pyrenyl are suitable aryl radicals. Some embodimentsselect phenyl, biphenyl, or naphthyl as the aryl radicals. Exemplaryinvention ArF ligands specifically include the listed aryl radicals asfluorinated aryl groups. Perfluorinated aryl groups also function andinclude substituted ArF groups having substituents in addition tofluorine, such as fluorinated hydrocarbyl groups. The disclosures ofU.S. Pat. Nos. 5,198,401, 5,296,433, 5,278,119, 5,447,895, 5,688,634,5,895,771, WO 93/02099, WO 97/29845, WO 99/43717, WO 99/42467 andcopending U.S. application Ser. Number 09/261,627, filed 3 Mar. 1999,and its equivalent WO 99/45042 teach suitable ArF groups. Someembodiments replace at least one-third of the hydrogen atoms connectedto aromatic ligands with fluorine; some embodiments selectperfluorinated aryl ligands. Perfluorinated means that each arylhydrogen atom is substituted with fluorine or fluorcarbyl substituents,e.g., trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, heptafluoroisopropyl,tris(trifluoromethyl)silyltetrafluoroethyl, and bis(trifluoroethyl)(heptafluoropropyl)silyltetrafluoroethyl. The goal of fluorination is toremove abstractable hydrogen from the NCA. Therefore, any ligand choiceor substitution pattern that minimizes the number of abstractablehydrogen is useful in this invention's practice. When the number ofabstractable hydrogen has been minimized (that is when the competinghydrogen abstraction reaction is small enough that the polymerizationreaction proceeds in a commercially reasonable manner), the NCA isreferred to as substantially fluorinated. Thus, suitable ligand choicesand substitution patterns will depend somewhat on the selected catalyst.Not all hydrogen substituents must be fluorine-replaced as long as theremaining hydrogen substituents are substantially non-abstractable bythe specific catalyst of the system. Substantially non-abstractablemeans that the hydrogen may be extractable but at levels low enough sothat the degree of chain termination and catalyst poisoning remainsbelow that which is commercially reasonable. Some embodiments targetlesser levels of abstractability.

‘Spacing group’ or ‘spacer,’ the bridge between An⁻ and Ct⁺, is anyorganic group that is large enough and rigid enough to maintainseparation between An⁻ and Ct⁺. In most cases, the spacing group is afluorinated aryl ring connected at one end to the cation and at theother end to the anion. Some embodiments select spacing groups thatlimit the quantity of activated-catalyst-abstractable hydrogen on thecocatalyst. To the extent that hydrogen atoms on the spacing group areabstractable by the activated catalyst, these hydrogen atoms will befluorine substituted in some embodiments. Perfluorinated spacing groupsare useful. Additionally, fluorine substitutions on the spacing groupallow the anion's electron density to spread over more atoms, whichmakes the electron density more diffuse. Increased anion diffusenesscauses weakened anion coordination to the catalyst after activation.Thus, fluorine substitution on the spacing group is believed to improvethe catalyst's activity. Finally, fluorine substitution on the spacinggroup improves the robustness or thermal stability of the resulting NCA.

Representative spacing group radicals include, but are not limited to,fluorobenzyl, difluorobenzyl, difluoronaphthyl, hexafluoroanthracyl,hexafluorofluorenyl, hexafluoroindenyl, hexafluorophenathracyl,hexafluoropyrenyl, nonafluoroanthracyl, nonafluorophenathracyl,nonafluoropyrenyl, octafluoroanthracyl, octafluorofluorenyl,octafluorophenathracyl, octafluoropyrenyl, pentafluoroanthracyl,pentafluorofluorenyl, pentafluoroindenyl, pentafluoronaphthyl,pentafluorophenathracyl, pentafluoropyrenyl, perfluoroanthracyl,perfluorobenzyl, perfluorofluorenyl, perfluoroindenyl,perfluoronaphthyl, perfluorophenathracyl, perfluoropyrenyl,heptafluoroanthracyl, heptafluorofluorenyl, heptafluoroindenyl,heptafluorophenathracyl, heptafluoropyrenyl, tetrafluoroanthracyl,tetrafluorofluorenyl, tetrafluoroindenyl, tetrafluoronaphthyl,tetrafluorophenathracyl, tetrafluoropyrenyl, trifluoroanthracyl,trifluorobenzyl, trifluorofluorenyl, trifluoroindenyl,trifluoronaphthyl, trifluorophenathracyl, and trifluoropyrenyl radicals.

1,4,6,7-tetrafluoro-indenyl Serving as a Spacing Group

2,3,4,5-tetrafluoropyryl Serving as a Spacer

Effective cationic groups (—Ct⁺) are those known to abstract a ligand(Q), such as monoanionic hydride, alkyl, or other hydrocarbyl orhydrocarbylsilyl ligands, from organometallic catalyst precursorcompounds leaving active catalysts. After abstraction, the Ct portion ofthe cocatalyst is substantially neutral. In some embodiments, —Ct ischosen so that it doesn't interfere with polymerization. Useful cationicgroups include, but are not limited to, nitrogen-containing groups suchas the ammonium salts of U.S. Pat. No. 5,198,401, and WO 97/35893, thetrityl carbenium groups of US Pat. No. 5,387,568, the silylium cationicgroups of WO 96/08519. Additionally, suitable cations include nitrogen-and carbon-based cations described in WO 97/35893, and in copending U.S.Applications Serial Nos. 60/160,942, filed 22 Oct. 1999, and 60/169,768,filed 9 Dec. 1999. A useful cationic moiety is —NR₂H.

Essentially any of the defined R groups will be effective forzwitterionic cocatalyst activator use. The cocatalyst activators caneffectively activate catalysts for solution, bulk, slurry, and gas phasepolymerization processes. Exemplary R groups include methyl, ethyl,n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, butyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl,methyltrimethylsilyl, methyltriethylsilyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl,2,6-dimethyl piperidinyl, etc. The R groups may be the same ordifferent, in other words mixed alkyl groups may be located on theGroup-15 atom. An exemplary, but non-inclusive, list of —Ct⁺ areprovided in the list below. The listings show a cationic central atomwith two substituents. In most cases, the —Ct⁺ moiety additionallyconnects to the spacing group and to a proton; thus the central atom hasfour ligands.

Ammonium Cation Moieties

(3-methylpentyl) (ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;(3-methylpentyl)-1,2-difluorohexyl-ammonium;(3-methylpentyl)-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-ammonium; (3-methylpentyl)butylammonium; (3-methylpentyl)hexyl ammonium; (3-methylpentyl)octylammonium; (3-methylpentyl)perfluorobutyl ammonium;(3-methylpentyl)perfluoroheptyl ammonium;(3-methylpentyl)perfluoropropyl ammonium; (3-methylpentyl)phenylammonium; (ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium;(ethyl(triethylsilyl))isohexyl ammonium; (ethyl(triethylsilyl))isopropylammonium; (ethyl(triethylsilyl))perfluoroethyl ammonium;(ethyl(triethylsilyl))perfluoropentyl ammonium;(ethyl(triethylsilyl))perfluorophenyl ammonium;(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-ammonium;(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-ammonium;(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))hexyl ammonium; (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))isohexylammonium; (methyl(triethylsilyl))butyl ammonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))isopentyl ammonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))perfluoroheptyl ammonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))perfluoromethyl ammonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))perfluorooctyl ammonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))perfluorophenyl ammonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))perfluoropropyl ammonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))perfluoropropyl ammonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))phenyl ammonium; (methyl(trimethylsityl))(3-methylpentyl) ammonium;(methyl(trimethyl-silyl))(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium;(methyl(trimethylsilyl))-1,2-difluorohexyl-ammonium;(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ethyl ammonium;(methyl(trimethylsilyl))perfluorobutyl ammonium;(methyl(trimethylsilyl))perfluoroheptyl ammonium;(methyl(trimethylsilyl))perfluorohexyl ammonium;(methyl(trimethylsilyl))propyl ammonium;1,2-difluorohexyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;1,2-difluorohexyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;1,2-difluorohexyl(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium;1,2-difluorohexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl-ammonium;1,2-difluorohexylperfluoro-t-butyl ammonium;1,6-difluorohexyl(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium;1,6-difluorohexyl-2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl-ammonium;1,6-difluorohexyl-2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl-ammonium;1,6-difluorohexylisohexyl ammonium; 1,6-difluorohexylperfluoroethylammonium; 1,6-difluorohexylperfluoroheptyl ammonium;1,6-difluorohexylphenyl ammonium; 1,6-difluorohexylpropyl ammonium;2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl(3-methylpentyl) ammonium;2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;2,3,4,5-tetra-fluorophenyl-1,6-difluorohexyl-ammonium;2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-ammonium;2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl-2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl-ammonium;2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylbutyl ammonium; 2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylethylammonium; 2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylisopentyl ammonium;2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylisopropyl ammonium;2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylperfluoroisopentyl ammonium;2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylperfluoroisopentyl ammonium;2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-1,2-difluorohexyl-ammonium;2,3,5-trifuorophenyl-1,6-difluorohexyl-ammonium;2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl-ammonium;2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl-ammonium;2,3,5-trifluorophenylmethyl ammonium; 2,3,5-trifluorophenylpentylammonium; 2,3,5-trifluorophenylperfluoropropyl ammonium;2,3,5-trifluorophenylphenyl ammonium; 2,3,5-trifluorophenylphenylammonium; 2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl(3-methylpentyl) ammonium;2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctylbutyl ammonium; 2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctylisohexylammonium; 2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctylisopropyl ammonium;2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctylpentyl ammonium;butyl-1,2-difluorohexyl-ammonium; butyl-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-ammonium;butylperfluorohexyl ammonium; butylperfluorophenyl ammonium; butylpropylammonium; ethyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium; ethylperfluoropropylammonium; heptyl(3-methylpentyl) ammonium; heptyl(3-methylpentyl)ammonium; heptylisohexyl ammonium; heptylisopentyl ammonium;heptylmethyl ammonium; heptylpentyl ammonium; heptylperfluorobutylammonium; hexyl-1,2-difluorohexyl-ammonium; hexyloctyl ammonium;hexyl-t-butyl ammonium; isohexyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;isohexyl(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium;isohexyl(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium;isohexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl-ammonium; bis(isohexyl) ammonium;isohexylisohexyl ammonium; isohexylisopropyl ammonium; isohexylmethylammonium; isohexylperfluoroheptyl ammonium; isohexylperfluoropentylammonium; isohexylphenyl ammonium; isopentyl(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium; isopentylheptyl ammonium; isopentylmethyl ammonium;isopentylperfluorohexyl ammonium; isopropyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium; isopropyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;isopropyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium; isopropylheptyl ammonium;isopropylheptyl ammonium; isopropylisohexyl ammonium;isopropylperfluorobutyl ammonium; isopropylperfluorophenyl ammonium;isopropyl-t-butyl ammonium; isopropyl-t-butyl ammonium;methyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium; methyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium; methylperfluoroethyl ammonium; octylperfluoroethyl ammonium;octylperfluoroheptyl ammonium; octylpropyl ammonium;pentyl-1,6-difluorohexyl-ammonium; pentylisohexyl ammonium;pentylperfluorophenyl ammonium; perfluorobutyloctyl ammonium;perfluorobutylperfluoropropyl ammonium;perfluoroethyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluoroethyl(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluoroethyl-1,6-difluorohexyl-ammonium; perfluoroethylethyl ammonium;perfluoroheptyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluoroheptyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium; perfluoroheptylbutylammonium; perfluoroheptylisohexyl ammonium;perfluoroheptylperfluorobutyl ammonium; perfluoroheptylperfluorohexylammonium; perfluoroheptylperfluoroisopropyl ammonium;perfluoroheptylperfluoromethyl ammonium;perluorohexyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluorohexyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluorohexyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium; perfluorohexylethylammonium; perfluorohexylperfluoroheptyl ammonium;perfluorohexylperfluoromethyl ammonium; perfluorohexylperfluoropentylammonium; perfluorohexylperfluoropentyl ammonium;perfluoroisopentylisohexyl ammonium; perfluoroisopentylisohexylammonium; perfluoroisopentylpentyl ammonium; perfluoroisopentylpropylammonium; perfluoroisopropyl(3-methylpentyl) ammonium;perfluoroisopropyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluoroisopropyl-2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl-ammonium;perfluoroisopropylhexyl ammonium; perfluoroisopropyloctyl ammonium;perfluoroisopropylperfluoroheptyl ammonium;perfluoroisopropylperfluorohexyl ammonium;perfluoroisopropylperfluoroisopentyl ammonium;perfluoromethyl-1,2-difluorohexyl-ammonium;perfluoromethylperfluoroisopropyl ammonium;perfluoromethylperfluorooctyl ammonium; perfluoromethylperfluoro-t-butylammonium; perfluoromethylphenyl ammonium; perfluoromethylpropylammonium; perfluorooctyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluorooctyl(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluorooctyl-1,6-difluorohexyl-ammonium; perfluorooctylethyl ammonium;perfluorooctylpentyl ammonium; perfluorooctylperfluorooctyl ammonium;perfluoropentyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluoropentyl(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium; perfluoropentylmethylammonium; perfluoropentylmethyl ammonium; perfluoropentylperluorobutytammonium; perfluoropentylperfluoroethyl ammonium; perfluoropentylphenylammonium; perfluoropentylpropyl ammonium;perfluorophenyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium;perfluorophenyl-1,2-difluorohexyl-ammonium;perfluorophenyl-1,6-difluorohexyl-ammonium; perfluorophenylethylammonium; perfluorophenylhexyl ammonium; perfluorophenylperfluoroheptylammonium; perfluorophenylperfluoromethyl ammonium;perfluorophenyl-t-butyl ammonium; perfluoropropyl(methyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium; perfluoropropyl-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-ammonium;perfluoropropyl-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-ammonium;perfluoropropyl-2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl-ammonium; perfluoropropylphenylammonium; perfluoro-t-butylhexyl ammonium.

Phosphonium Cation Moieties

di(3-methylpentyl) phosphonium;(3-methylpentyl)-1,6-difluorohexyl-phosphonium;(3-methylpentyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl-phosphonium;(3-methylpentyl)hexyl phosphonium; (3-methylpentyl)perfluoro-t-butylphosphonium; (3-methylpentyl)perfluoro-t-butyl phosphonium;(3-methylpentyl)perfluoro-t-butyl phosphonium; (3-methylpentyl)propylphosphonium; (ethyl(triethylsilyl)) perfluoromethyl phosphonium;(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) phosphonium;(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))perfluorobutyl phosphonium;(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))propyl phosphonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))(methyl(triethylsilyl)) phosphonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl)) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) phosphonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))octyl phosphonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))perfluoroisopentyl phosphonium;(methyl(triethylsilyl))perfluoroisopentyl phosphonium;(methyl(trimethylsilyl))perfluoroisopropyl phosphonium;1,2-difluorohexyl-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-phosphonium;1,6-difluorohexyl-2,3,5-trifluoro-phenyl-phosphonium;1,6-difluorohexylisopentyl phosphonium; 2,3,5-trifluorophenylmethylphosphonium; butylisohexyl phosphonium; ethylperfluorophenylphosphonium; diheptyl phosphonium; heptylperfluorohexyl phosphonium;heptylperfluoroisopropyl phosphonium; heptylperfluoropentyl phosphonium;hexylperfluorophenyl phosphonium; isohexyl(3-methylpentyl) phosphonium;isohexylperfluoroisopentyl phosphonium; isopentyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium; isopentylbutyl phosphonium; methylhexyl phosphonium;methylisopropyl phosphonium; octylbutyl phosphonium;pentyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) phosphonium;pentyl(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) phosphonium; pentylisohexyl phosphonium;pentylpernluorooctyl phosphonium; perfluorobutylperfluoroethylphosphonium; perfluoroheptylisopentyl phosphonium;perfluoroheptylperfluoromethyl phosphonium;perfluorohexyl(3-methylpentyl) phosphonium;perfluorohexyl-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-phosphonium;perfluoroisopentyl(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) phosphonium;perfluoroisopentylisohexyl phosphonium; perfluoroisopropylperfluorohexylphosphonium; perfluoromethylisohexyl phosphonium;perfluorooctyl(methyl(trimethylsiiyl)) phosphonium;perfluoropropyl-1,2-difluorohexyl-phosphonium;perfluoropropylperfluoroheptyl phosphonium; perfluoro-t-butylphenylphosphonium; phenyl(methyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium; propyloctylphosphonium; t-butyl(methyl(triethylsilyl)) phosphonium; t-butyl-t-butylphosphonium.

Arsonium Cation Moieties

Examples of —Ct⁺ based on arsonium include, but are not limited to(3-methylpentyl)butylarsonium; (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))-t-butylarsonium;(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))-t-butylarsonium; (methyl(triethylsilyl))(ethyl(triethylsilyl))arsonium;(methyl(trimethylsilyl))-2,3,5-trifluorophenyl-arsonium;(methyl(trimethylsilyl))-t-butylarsonium;1,2-difluorohexyl(methyl(trimethylsilyl))arsonium;2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylisopropylarsonium;hexylperfluoromethylarsonium; hexylperfluoropent-ylarsonium;isohexyl-1,6-difluorohexyl-arsonium; isopentylisopropylarsonium;isopropyl(ethyl(triethylsilyl))arsonium; methylbutylarsonium;pentylperfluoromethylarsonium; pentylperfluorophenylarsonium;perfluoroheptylperfluoroheptylarsonium;perfluoroheptylperfluoroisopentylarsonium;perfluoroisopentylperfluorohexylarsonium;perfluoroisopropylperfluoroethylarsonium;perfluoromethyl(methyl(trimethylsilyl))arsonium;perfluorooctylperfluoromethylarsonium;perfluoropropylperfluorophenylarsonium;perfluoro-t-butyl-1,6-difluorohexyl-arsonium;perfluoro-t-butylperfluoroisopentylarsonium;phenyl(methyl(triethylsilyl))arsonium; phenylperfluorobutylarsonium;propylisopropylarsonium; t-butyl-2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl-arsonium;t-butylperfluoroheptylarsonium; t-butylperfluoromethylarsonium.

In operation, the zwitterionic cocatalyst reacts with the catalystprecursor leaving an activated cationic catalyst and a weaklycoordinating anion. Before activation, the cocatalyst contains acationic portion. Activation occurs when that cationic portion eitherabstracts a hydride, alkyl, or substituted alkyl ligand, Q, from thecatalyst precursor or cleaves a metal-organic bond in the precursor.

Activation transforms the neutral, but zwitterionic, cocatalyst into ananion; the cationic portion of the cocatalyst is neutralized, typicallyby loss of a proton. Activation also transforms the neutral catalystprecursor into a cationic catalyst, typically by abstracting a hydrideor anionic alkyl, which combines with the proton from the cocatalyst.For exarnple,

Thus, invention embodiments comprise zwitterionic cocatalysts. Someembodiments are catalyst systems comprising catalyst precursor andzwitterionic cocatalyst. Some embodiments comprise catalysts that arethe contact product of a catalyst precursor and a zwitterioniccocatalyst. When the zwitterionic cocatalyst contacts the catalystprecursor, a hydrogen from the cationic moiety abstracts an organicradical from the catalyst precursor. This process transforms the neutralcatalyst precursor into a cationic catalyst, in some embodiments anolefin polymerization catalyst; the neutral zwitterionic cocatalyst istransformed into an anionic NCA that can charge balance the NCA. Asstated above, inventor zwitterionic cocatalysts are useful in activatingolefin polymerization catalyst precursors. Additionally, thesecocatalysts can activate olefin polymerization catalysts, ring-openingcatalysts, etc., as is know in the art.

Zwitterionic activators or cocatalysts may be prepared as follows. Asecondary amine, NR₂H is reacted with bromoperfluoroaryl to formN-(bromoperfluoroaryl)NR₂. After preparing the aryl amine, butyl lithiumand then tris(pentafluoroaryl)borane are added. This reaction producesboron substitution at the aryl amine's para position. (The borane's arylgroups need not be the same; likewise, the borane's aryl groups need notmatch those of the aryl amine.) Hydrogen chloride gas is then addedyielding a zwitterionic cocatalyst. Suitable fluoroaryl substituents onthe nitrogen atom can be any of the known, fluorinated C₆ to C₁₂aromatic rings, preferably phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl. PerfluorinatedC₆ to C₁₂ rings are useful.

A specific synthesis of an invention cocatalyst is set out below.Pyrrolidine is reacted with pentafluorobromobenzene to formN-(4-bromo-2,3,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)pyrrolidene. After preparing thephenyl amine, butyl lithium and then tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane isadded to the reaction resulting in boron substitution at the paraposition of the bromopentafluorophenyl pyrrolidene. Hydrogen chloridegas is added yielding a zwitterion containing an anionic borate portionand a cationic ammonium portion as shown below.

Suitable catalyst precursor compounds for use in this invention includethe known organometallic, transition metal compounds useful fortraditional Ziegler-Natta polymerization, particularly the metallocenesknown to be useful in polymerization. The catalyst precursor must besusceptible to activation by invention cocatalysts. Useful catalystprecursors include Group-3-10 transition metal compounds in which atleast one metal ligand can be abstracted by the cocatalysts.Particularly those abstractable ligands include hydride, hydrocarbyl,hydrocarbylsilyl, and their lower-alkyl-substituted (C₁-C₁₀)derivatives. Examples include hydride, methyl, benzyl,dimethyl-butadiene, etc. Abstractable ligands and transition metalcompounds comprising them include those metallocenes described in, forexample, U.S. Pat. No. 5,198,401 and WO 92/00333. Syntheses of thesecompounds are well known from the published literature. Additionally, inthose cases where the metal ligands include labile halogen, amido, oralkoxy ligands (for example, biscyclopentadienyl zirconium dichloride),which may not allow for ready abstraction with invention cocatalysts,the ligands can be replaced with abstractable ones. This replacementuses known routes such as alkylation with lithium or aluminum hydrides,alkyls, alkylalumoxanes, Grignard reagents, etc. See also EP 0 500 944and EP 0 570 982 for the reaction of organoaluminum compounds withdihalo-substituted metallocenes prior to. catalyst activation.

Additional descriptions of metallocene compounds with, or that can bealkylated to contain, at least one ligand abstractable to formcatalytically active transition-metal cations appear in the patentliterature. (E.g., EP-A-0 129 368, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,871,705, 4,937,299,5,324,800, 5,470,993, 5,491,246, 5,512,693, EP-A-0 418 044, EP-A-0 591756, WO-A-92/00333, WO-A-94/01471 and WO 97/22635.) Such metallocenescan be described as mono- or biscyclopentadienyl-substituted Group-3,-4, -5, or -6 transition metals. The transition metal ligands maythemselves be substituted with one or more groups, and the ligands maybridge to each other or bridge through a heteroatom to the transitionmetal. The size and constituency of the ligands and bridging elementsare not critical to this invention's catalyst systems, but should bechosen in the literature-described manner to enhance activity and toselect desired characteristics. Embodiments in which thecyclopentadienyl rings (including substituted, cyclopentadienyl-based,fused-ring systems, such as indenyl, fluorenyl, azulenyl, or theirsubstituted analogs), when bridged to each other, are lower-alkylsubstituted (C₁-C₆) in the 2 position (with or without a similar4-position substituent in the fused ring are useful). Thecyclopentadienyl rings may additionally comprise alkyl, cycloalkyl,aryl, alkylaryl, and arylalkyl substituents, the latter as linear,branched, or cyclic structures including multi-ring structures, forexample, those of U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,278,264 and 5,304,614. Suchsubstituents should each have essentially hydrocarbyl characteristicsand will typically contain up to 30 carbon atoms, but may containheteroatoms, such as 1 to 5 non-hydrogen or non-carbon atoms, e.g., N,S, O, P, Ge, B and Si.

Invention activators are useful with essentially all known metallocenecatalyst that are suitable for preparing polyethylene, polypropylene, orethylene-containing copolymers (where copolymer means a polymer preparedusing at least two different monomers), see again WO-A-92/00333 and U.S.Pat. Nos. 5,001,205, 5,198,401, 5,324,800, 5,304,614 and 5,308,816, forspecific listings. Criteria for selecting suitable metallocene catalystsfor making polyethylene and polypropylene are well known in the art, inboth patent and academic literature, see for example Journal ofOrganometallic Chemistry 369, 359-370 (1989). Likewise, methods forpreparing these metallocenes are also known. Typically, the catalystsare stereorigid, asymmetric, chiral, or bridged chiral, metallocenes.See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,892,851, 5,017,714, 5,296,434,5,278,264, WO-A-(PCT/US92/10066) WO-A-93/19103, EP-A2-0 577 581, EP-A1-0578 838, and academic literature “The Influence of Aromatic Substituentson the Polymerization Behavior of Bridged Zirconocene Catalysts”,Spaleck, W., et al, Organometallics 1994, 13, 954-963, and“ansa-Zirconocene Polymerization Catalysts with Annelated RingLigands-Effects on Catalytic Activity and Polymer Chain Lengths”,Brinzinger, H., et al, Organometallics 1994, 13, 964-970, and documentsreferred to therein. Though many of these references deal withalumoxane-activated catalyst systems, analogous metallocenes can beactivated with invention cocatalysts. In catalyst systems lackingabstractable ligands, at least one non-abstractable ligand must first bereplaced with an abstractable one. Replacement by alkylation, asdescribed above, is one example. Additionally, the metallocenes shouldcontain a group into which an ethylene or α-olefin group, —C═C—, mayinsert, for example, hydride, alkyl, alkenyl, or silyl. See additionaldescription in G. G. Hlatky, “Metallocene catalysts for olefinpolymerization Annual review of 1996”, Coordination Chemistry Reviews,181, 243-296 (El-sevier Science, 1999).

Representative metallocene compounds can have the formula:L_(A)L_(B)L_(Ci)McDEwhere Mc is a Group-3-10 metal; L_(A) is a substituted or unsubstituted,cyclopentadienyl or heterocyclopentadienyl ligand, connected to Mc; andL_(B) is a ligand as defined for L_(A), or is J, a heteroatom ligandconnected to Mc. L_(A) and L_(B) may ridge to each other through aGroup-13-to-16-element-containing bridge. L_(Ci) is an optional,neutral, non-oxidizing ligand connected to Mc (i equals 0 to 3); and Dand E are the same or different labile ligands, optionally bridged toeach other, L_(A), or L_(B). Each of D and E are connected to Mc.

D and E's identity is functionally constrained. The first constraint isthat upon activation, either the D—Mc or the E—Mc connection must break.D and E should be chosen to facilitate this. Another constraint is thata polymerizable molecule must be able to insert between Mc and whicheverof D or E remains.

In addition to in-ring and on-ring substituted and unsubstitutedcyclopentadienide ion, a cyclopentadienyl also encompasses fused-ringsystems including but not limited to indenyl and fluorenyl radicals.Also, the use of heteroatom-containing rings or fused rings, where anon-carbon, Group-13, -14, -15, or -16 atom replaces a ring carbon iswithin the term “eyclopentadienyl” for this specification. See, forexample, the background and illustrations of WO 98/37106, havingpriority with U.S. Ser. No. 08/999,214, filed Dec. 29, 1997, and WO98/41530, having priority with U.S. Ser. No. 09/042,378, filed Mar. 13,1998. Substituted cyclopentadienyl structures are structures in whichone or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by a hydrocarbyl,hydrocarbylsilyl, or similar heteroatom-containing structure.Hydrocarbyl structures specifically include C₁-C₃₀ linear, branched, andcyclic alkyl, and aromatic fused and pendant rings. These rings may alsobe substituted with ring structures.

Non-limiting representative metallocene compounds includemono-cyclopentadienyl compounds such aspentamethylcyclopentadienyltitanium isopropoxide,pentamethylcyclopentadienyltribenzyl titanium,dimethylsilyltetramethyl-cyclopentadienyl-tert-butylamido titaniumdichloride, pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titanium trimethyl,dimethylsilyltetramethylcyclopentadienyl-t-butylamido zirconiumdimethyl, dimethylsilyltetramethylcyclopentadienyl-dodecylamido hafniumdihydride, dimethylsilyltetramethylcyclopentadienyl-dodecylamido hafniumdimethyl, unbridged biscyclopentadienyl compounds such as bis(1-methyl,3-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl,(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl-cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl,(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconiumdimethyl; bridged bis-cyclopentadienyl compounds such asdimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl) zirconium dichloride andsilacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; bridged bis-indenyl compounds such as dimethylsily(bisindenyl) zirconium dichloride, dimethylsily(bisindenyl) hafniumdimethyl, dimethylsilyl-bis(2-methylbenzindenyl) zirconium dichloride,dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl) zirconium dimethyl; andfluorenyl-ligand-containing compounds, e.g.,diphenylmethyl(fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; and theadditional mono- and biscyclopentadienyl compounds such as those listedand described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,017,714, 5,324,800, WO 92/00333 andEP-A-0 591 756.

Additional compounds suitable as olefin polymerization catalysts for usein this invention will be any of those Group-3 to -10 compounds that canbe converted by ligand abstraction or bond scission into a cationiccatalyst and stabilized in that state by a noncoordinating or weaklycoordinating anion that is sufficiently labile to be displaced by anolefinically unsaturated molecules such as ethylene.

Exemplary compounds include those described in the patent literature.International patent publications WO 96/23010, WO 97/48735 and Gibson,et al., Chem. Comm., pp. 849-850 (1998), which disclose diimine-basedligands for Group-8 to -10 compounds that undergo ionic activation andpolymerize olefins. Polymerization catalyst systems from Group-5-10metals, in which the active center is highly oxidized and stabilized bylow-coordination-number, polyanionic, ligand systems, are described inU.S. Pat. No. 5,502,124 and its divisional U.S. Pat. No. 5,504,049. Seealso the Group-5 organometallic catalyst compounds of U.S. Pat. No.5,851,945 and the tridentate-ligand-containing, Group-5-10,organometallic catalysts of copending U.S. application Ser. No.09/302,243, filed 29 Apr. 1999, and its equivalent PCT/US99/09306.Group-11 catalyst precursor compounds, activable with ionizingcocatalysts, useful for olefin and vinylic polar molecules are describedand exemplified in WO 99/30822 and its priority documents, includingU.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/991,160, filed 16 Dec. 1997.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,318,935 describes bridged and unbridged, bisamidocatalyst compounds of Group-4 metals capable of α-olefin polymerization.Bridged bis(arylamido) Group-4 compounds for olefin polymerization aredescribed by D. H. McConville. et al., in Orgaionetallics 1995, 14,5478-5480. Synthetic methods and compound characterization arepresented. Further work appearing in D. H. McConville, et al,Macromolecules 1996, 29, 5241-5243, describes bridged bis(arylamido)Group-4 compounds that are polymerization catalysts for 1-hexene.Additional invention-suitable transition metal compounds include thosedescribed in WO 96/40805. Cationic Group-3- or Lanthanide-metal olefinpolymerization complexes are disclosed in copending U.S. applicationSer. No. 09/408,050, filed 29 Sep. 1999, and its equivalentPCT/US99/22690. A monoanionic bidentate ligand and two monoanionicligands stabilize those catalyst precursors, which can be activated withthis invention's ionic cocatalysts. Also, those compounds disclose in“Living Polymerization of α-Olefins by Chelating Diamide Complexes ofTitanium”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 10008.

Bis amide catalyst precursors are useful with invention cocatalysts.Bisamide catalyst precursors are those precursors that have thefollowing formula:

M is Ti, Zr, or Hf. R are the same or different alkyls, aryls,substituted alkyl, or substituted aryls. X are the same or differentalkyls, aryls, or halides.

Substituted alkyl and aryls can be alkyl-, aryl-, and halo-substituted.When X is a halide, the bisamide catalyst precursor must first bechemically modified to transform X into an abstractable ligand. This canbe done by alkylation, for example.

Pyridine bisamide catalyst precursors are also useful with inventionco-catalysts. Pyridine bisamide catalyst precursors are those precursorsthat have the following formula:

M is Ti, Zr, or Hf. R are the same or different alkyls, aryls,substituted alkyl, or substituted aryls. X are the same or differentalkyls, aryls, or halides.

Substituted alkyl and aryls can be alkyl-, aryl-, and halo-substituted.When X is a halide, the pyridine bisamide catalyst precursor must firstbe chemically modified to transform X into an abstractable ligand. Thiscan be done by alkylation, for example.

Amine bisamide catalyst precursors are also useful with inventionco-catalysts. Amine bisamide catalyst precursors are those precursorsthat have the following formula:

M is Ti, Zr, or Hf. R and R′ are the same or different alkyls, aryls,substituted alkyl, or substituted aryls. X are the same or differentalkyls, aryls, or halides.

Substituted alkyl and aryls can be alkyl-, aryl-, and halo-substituted.When X is a halide, the amine bisamide catalyst precursor must first bechemically modified to transform X into an abstractable ligand. This canbe done by alkylation, for example.

The literature contains many additional descriptions of suitablecatalyst-precursor compounds. Compounds that contain abstractableligands or that can be alkylated to contain abstractable ligands aresuitable for the practice of this invention. See, for instance, V. C.Gibson, et al; “The Search for New-Generation Olefin PolymerizationCatalysts: Life Beyond Metallocenes”, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 38, 428-447(1999).

When using the above catalysts, the catalyst system will generallyemploy one or more scavenging agents to remove polar impurities from thereaction environment and to increase catalyst activity. Any reactioncomponents, particularly solvent, monomer, and catalyst feedstreams, caninadvertently introduce impurities and adversely affect catalystactivity and stability. Impurities decrease or even eliminate catalyticactivity, particularly with ionizing-anion-activated catalyst systems.Polar impurities, or catalyst poisons, include water, oxygen, metalimpurities, etc. Usually, these impurities are removed from or reducedin the feedstreams before their addition to the reaction vessel.Impurities can be removed by chemically treating the components or byimpurity separation steps. Such treatment or separation can occur duringor after synthesis of the components. In any case, the polymerizationprocess will normally employ minor amounts of scavenging agent.Typically, these scavengers will be organometallic such as the Group-13compounds of U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,153,157, 5,241,025 and WO-A-91/09882,WO-A-94/03506, WO-A-93/14132, and that of WO 95/07941. Exemplarycompounds include triethyl aluminum, triethyl borane, triisobutylaluminum, methylalumoxane, and isobutyl alumoxane. Those compoundshaving bulky or C₆-C₂₀ linear hydrocarbyl substituents connected to themetal or metalloid center are useful because they coordinate to theactive catalyst more weakly. Examples include triethylaluminum, but morepreferably, bulky compounds such as triisobutylaluminum,trilsoprenylaluminum, and long-chain, linear-alkyl-substituted aluminumcompounds, such as tri-n-hexylaluminum, tri-n-octylaluminum, ortri-n-dodecylaluminum. When alumoxane is used as activator, any excessover that needed to activate the catalyst can act as a scavenger andadditional organometallic scavengers may be unnecessary. Alumoxanes alsomay be used as scavengers with other activators, e.g., methylalumoxaneand triisobutylalumoxane with boron-based activators. The scavengeramount is limited to that amount effective to enhance activity (and withthat amount necessary for activation when used in a dual role) sinceexcess amounts may act as catalyst poisons.

This invention's catalyst system can polymerize those unsaturatedmolecules conventionally recognized as polymerizable using metallocenes.Typical conditions include solution, slurry, gas-phase, andhigh-pressure polymerization. The catalysts may be supported oninorganic or polymeric supports (including inorganic oxide supports) andas such will be particularly useful in those operating modes employingfixed-bed, moving-bed, fluid-bed, slurry, or solution processesconducted in single, series, or parallel reactors. Invention cocatalystsmay also function in catalyst pre-polymerization. WO 98/55518, describesa preferred invention support method for gas-phase or slurrypolymerization.

Alternative polymerization embodiments employ the catalyst system inliquid phase (solution, slurry, suspension, bulk phase, or combinationsthereof), in high-pressure liquid or supercritical fluid phase, or ingas phase. These processes may also be employed in singular, parallel,or series reactors. The liquid processes comprise contacting olefinmolecules with the catalyst system described above in a suitable diluentor solvent and allowing those molecules to react long enough to producethe invention polymers. The term polymer encompasses both homo- andco-polymers. Both aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbyl solvents aresuitable: e.g., hexane. In bulk and slurry processes, the supportedcatalysts typically contact a liquid monomer slurry. Gas-phase processesuse a supported catalyst and use any suitable ethylene polymerizationprocess. Illustrative examples may be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,543,399,4,588,790, 5,028,670, 5,382,638, 5352,749, 5,408,017, 5,436,304,5,453,471, and 5,463,999, 5,767,208 and WO 95/07942.

The minimum reaction temperature is 40° C., although some embodimentsselect the minimum temperature to be 60° C. The temperature can go ashigh as 250° C., but some embodiments use temperatures of up to 220° C.The minimum reaction pressure is 1 mm Hg. But some embodiments chooseminimum pressures of 0.1 bar or 1.0 bar. The maximum pressure is lessthan or equal to 2500 bar. Some embodiments select the maximum pressureto be 1600 other embodiments select the maximum pressure to be 500 bar.

Invention catalysts can produce several linear polyethylene typesincluding high- and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylenes, includingboth homo- and copolymers with other alpha-olefins or alpha-olefinic ornon-conjugated diolefins, e.g. C₃-C₂₀ olefins, diolefins, or cyclicolefins. The polyethylenes are produced by adding ethylene, andoptionally one or more other monomers, along with invention activatedcatalysts that have been slurried with a solvent, such as hexane ortoluene, to a low pressure reaction vessel (typically <50 bar). Thetemperature is usually within the 40-250 ° C. range. Cooling removespolymerization heat. Gas-phase polymerization can be conducted, forexample, in a continuous fluid-bed, gas-phase reactor operated at aminimum of 2000 kPa and up to 3000 kPa. The minimum temperature is 60°C.; the maximum temperature is 160° C. The gas-phase reaction useshydrogen as a reaction modifier at a concentration of no less than 100PPM. The hydrogen gas concentration should not exceed 200 PPM. Thereaction employs a C₄-C₈ comonomer feedstream and a C₂ feedstream. TheC₄-C₈ feedstream goes down to 0.5 mol %. It also may go up to 1.2 mol %.Finally, the C₂ feedstream has a minimum concentration of 25 mol %. Itsmaximum concentration is 35 mol %. See, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,543,399,4,588,790, 5,028,670 and 5,405,922 and 5,462,999.

High-molecular-weight, low-crystallinity, ethylene-α-olefin elastomers(including ethylene-cyclic-olefin and ethylene-α-olefin-diolefinelastomers) can be prepared using catalysts activated by inventionactivators under traditional solution processes or by introducingethylene into invention catalyst slurries with α-olefin, cyclic olefin,or either or both mixed with other polymerizable and non-polymerizablediluents. Typical ethylene pressures range from 10 to 1000 psig (69-6895kPa) and the diluent temperature typically remains between 40 and 160°C. The process can occur in one or more stirred tank reactors, operatedindividually, in series, or in parallel. The general disclosure of U.S.Pat. No. 5,001,205 illustrates general process conditions. See also,international application WO 96/33227 and WO 97/22639.

Besides those specifically described above, other molecules may bepolymerized using catalysts precursors activated by inventionactivators. Some examples of these include styrene, alkyl-substitutedstyrenes, isobutylene and other geminally disubstituted olefins,ethylidene norbornene, norbornadiene, dicyclopentadiene, and otherolefinically unsaturated molecules, including other cyclic olefins, suchas cyclopentene, norbornene, alkyl-substituted norbornenes, and vinylicpolar, polymerizable molecules. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos.5,635,573, 5,763,556, and WO 99/30822. Additionally, α-olefin macromersof up to 1000 mer units or more may be copolymerized yielding branchedolefin polymers. Additionally, activated cation catalysts foroligomerization, dimerization, hydrogenation, olefin/carbon-monoxidecopolymerization, hydroformulation, hydrosilation, hydroamination, andrelated reactions can be activated with invention co-catalysts.

The invention cocatalysts can activate individual catalysts or canactivate catalyst mixtures for polymer blends. Adept monomer andcatalyst selection yields polymer blends analogous to those usingindividual catalyst compositions. Polymers having increased MWD (forimproved processing) and other benefits available frommixed-catalyst-system polymers can be achieved using inventioncocatalysts.

Blended polymer formation can be achieved ex situ through mechanicalblending or in situ through using mixed catalyst systems. It isgenerally believed that in situ blending provides a more homogeneousproduct and allows the blend to be produced in one step. In-situblending with mixed catalyst systems involves combining more than onecatalyst in the same reactor to simultaneously produce multiple,distinct polymer products. This method requires additional catalystsynthesis, and the various catalyst components must be matched for theiractivities, the polymer products they generate at specific conditions,and their response to changes in polymerization conditions. Inventioncocatalysts can activate mixed catalyst systems.

Exemplary Cocatalysts Embodiments that are Within the Scope of thisInvention

Exemplary Boron-based Zwitterionic Cocatalyst Activators

[((methyl (triethylsilyl))) (methyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [((methyl (triethylsilyl))) (methyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [((methyl (triethylsilyl))) (ethyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [((methyl (triethylsilyl))) (ethyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [((methyl(triethylsilyl))) (perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻; [((methyl (triethylsilyl))) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [((methyl(triethylsilyl))) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (2,4-difluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [((methyl (triethylsilyl))) (isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [((methyl (triethylsilyl)))(1,6-difluorohexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [((methyl(triethylsilyl))) (methyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [((methyl(triethylsilyl))) (octyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(2,4-difluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl) (3-methylpentyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(3,4-difluorophenyl) (2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluoropyrenyl) (pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(methyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl) (perfluorobutyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(ethyl) arsonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(1,2-difluorohexyl) (ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl) (phenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl) (ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl) (perfluoropentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(1,6-difluorohexyl) (perfluorohexyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl (trifluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(perfluoroheptyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[bis(pentafluoronaphthyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluoronapthyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(1,6-difluorohexyl) (3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(butyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻;[(1,6-difluorohexyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(isohexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(ethyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (hexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl-[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(perfluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (ethyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl (3,4-difluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(perfluoroethyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (perfluoro-t-butyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,4-difluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (propyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl (tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(perfluoropentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(trifluoroindenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(perfluoroheptyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorobutyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorooctyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (ethyl(triethylsilyl))arsonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (methyl)phosphonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) ((methyl(triethylsilyl)))arsonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (perfluoroisopentyl)arsonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (perfluoroisopentyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (heptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(perfluoromethyl) ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (perfluoroisopentyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(perfluoroisopentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (perfluorobutyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl) ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (phenyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(perfluoroheptyl) ammonium]⁻--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))arsonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(perfluorooctyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl) (perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (pentafluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(isohexyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[tris(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))arsonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(perfluoropropyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(isopentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(perfluorohexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(t-butyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(perfluoroheptyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl) (perfluoropentyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluoropyrenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(perfluoroheptyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(3-methylpentyl) (perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(isohexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(hexyl) arsonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl) (perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl) (methyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl) (perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl) (perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻; [(butyl) (perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl) (2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl)(perfluoropropyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl)(perfluoromethyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(butyl) (t-butyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl) (phenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl) (pentyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl)(perfluoroisopropyl) arsonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl) (octyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl) (perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl) (hexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(ethyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(3,4-difluorophenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(trifluoroindenyl) (perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl)) (1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl)) ((methyl(triethylsilyl))) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl)) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (isohexyl)arsonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl)) (phenyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (octyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluoroindenyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl)) (methyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluoroindenyl) (pentafluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (methyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(ethyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl))(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoropyrenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl))(perfluoro-t-butyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (3-methylpentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl)) (perfluoroethyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl)) (hexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl) (pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (isopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁺; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (perfluoroisopropyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (perfluoroethyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoropyrenyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (perfluorooctyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl)) (phenyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (butyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (octyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl)) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (perfluorooctyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))(perfluoroisopentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))(perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl)) (isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))(perfluoro-t-butyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (pentafluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (phenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (methyl(triethylsilyl))arsonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl)(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl) (perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl (perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl) (phenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl)(perfluorophenyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl) (propyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl) (pentafluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl)(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl)(perfluorohexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(trifluoroindenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl)(perfluorohexyl) ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(heptyl) (octyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(hexyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(hexyl) (octyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(hexyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(pentafluoronaphthyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(hexyl) (perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(hexyl) (perfluoroheptyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(hexyl) (2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl (trifluoroindenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(hexyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perluorophenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (perfluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl) arsonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl)(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (perfluorobutyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))arsonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; (bis(isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl)(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl) (pentafluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (trifluoroindenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (3-methylpentyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl)(perfluoroethyl) ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopentyl) (perfluoromethyl)arsonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (trifluoroindenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopentyl) (perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(isopentyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopentyl) (butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopentyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopentyl) (perfluoroheptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(2,4-difluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopentyl)(perfluoropropyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopropyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopropyl) (heptyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopropyl)(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopropyl) (propyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(isopropyl)(perfluorohexyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl)(perfluoropentyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (phenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (2,3-difluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (trifluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (isopropyl)phosphonium]⁺-perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl-[(2,5-difluorophenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (ethyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻; [(methyl) (t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (propyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl) (pentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (triethylsilyl))(perfluoroheptyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(triethylsilyl)) (perluorobutyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (triethylsilyl)) (pernluoropentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(triethylsilyl)) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (triethylsilyl)) (ethyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(triethylsilyl)) (perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (triethylsilyl))(perfluorooctyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[tris(perluoronapthyl)borate]⁻; [(methyl (triethylsilyl)) (pentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (triethylsilyl))(perfluorooctyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(triethylsilyl)) (phenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(trifluoroindenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl)) (isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl (2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl)) (perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (pernuoroheptyl)ammonium]⁺--perluorophenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl))(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl (3,4-difluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl)) ((methyl(triethylsilyl))) ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (pentyl)ammonium]⁺--perluoronapthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl))(perfluorobutyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (perfluoromethyl)ammonium]^(+-3,4)-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl)) (perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl))(perfluorobutyl) ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (pentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (pentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl)) (butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl) (heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(3,4-difluorophenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl)(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁻--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl) (ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl) (ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]^(')--perfluorofluorenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl) (perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl)(perfluoropentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl) (ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(octyl) (perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) (ethyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) (methyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) (perfluoropentyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) (isopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(pentafluorofluorenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) (ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) (ethyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) ((methyl (triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl) (ethyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(pentyl)(perfluoroethyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(perfluorobutyl)ammonium]^(+-3,4)-difluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorobutyl) (perfluoropentyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorobutyl) (perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorobutyl) (octyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (trifluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorobutyl) (methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroethyl) (perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl (trifluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroethyl) (perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroethyl)(perfluoroisopropyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(trifluoroindenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroethyl)(isohexyl) ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(2,4-difluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(perfluoroethyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[bis(trifluoroindenyl) (perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl) (ethyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(perfluoroheptyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl) (perfluorobutyl)ammonium]⁻--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl (tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl)(heptyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(pentafluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl)(octyl) arsonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)arsonium]⁻--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorohexyl) (3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorohexyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (2,5-difluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorohexyl) (heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorohexyl)(hexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorohexyl)(methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(2,3-difluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorohexyl) (perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl (perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorohexyl) (perfluoromethyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl (perfluoroindenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) arsonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(perfluoroisopentyl) (methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; (bis(perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (octyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (propyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl) (perfluoroheptyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl)(butyl) ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl) (isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl) (isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl) (perfluorobutyl)phosphonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl) (perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (pentafluoronaphthyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(perfluoroisopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(perfluoroisopropyl) (hexyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoropyrenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl)(isopropyl) ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl)(perfluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl)(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl) (phenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl (perfluoroindenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl) (hexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) ammonium]⁺--perluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoropyrenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl)(isopentyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl)(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl)(perfluoromethyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl) (ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl) (propyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl (trifluoroindenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl) (hexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl) (perfluoroisopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl)(isohexyl) phosphonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl)(hexyl) ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl)(perfluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl) (perfluoromethyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl)(isopropyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl)(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl)(octyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl)(perfluoroethyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) arsonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(perfluoropentyl) (isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺-perfluoroindenyl--[bis(2,5-difluorophenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl) (perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻;[(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (2,4-difluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl) (isohexyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl) (perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl) (perfluorobutyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; (bis(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoropentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl) (pentyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropropyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoropropyl) (3-methylpentyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻;[(perfluoro-t-butyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl (perfluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoro-t-butyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)((methyl (triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl (perfluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoro-t-butyl) (ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoro-t-butyl) (heptyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorophenyl (tetrafluoronaphthyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoro-t-butyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(perfluoroisopropyl) ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluoroindenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(isopentyl) ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(phenyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(phenyl) (pentyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl (perfluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(phenyl) (3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (hexyl)arsonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (butyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (hexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl (perluoronapthyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (pentafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (3,4-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl) (ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl)(3-methylpentyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perluoronapthyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl)(perfluorohexyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(trifluoroindenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(propyl)(perfluoropropyl) phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) borate]⁻; [(t-butyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) borate]⁻; [(t-butyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(trifluoroindenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) borate]⁻; [(t-butyl)(perfluoroisopentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (tetrafluoronaphthyl) borate]⁻; [(t-butyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(t-butyl) (perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) borate]⁻; [(t-butyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻; [(t-butyl)(methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻

Exemplary Aluminum-based Zwitterionic Cocatalyst Activators

[((methyl (triethylsilyl))) (heptyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (tetrafluoroindenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻; [((methyl (triethylsilyl))) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; (bis((methyl(triethylsilyl)))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [((methyl(triethylsilyl))) (perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁻--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (pentafluoronaphthyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [((methyl (triethylsilyl)))(methyl) ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorophenyl) (3,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [((methyl(triethylsilyl))) (methyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [((methyl(triethylsilyl))) (propyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(1,2-difluorohexyl) (perfluorobutyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(1,2-difluorohexyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl (tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (perfluoropropyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (perfluoroisopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluoropentyl)phosphonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(trifluoroindenyl (tetrafluoroindenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (hexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(perfluorobutyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (methyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl (tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(perfluoroheptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl)(methyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(3-methylpentyl) (butyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(3-methylpentyl) (perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(butyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (pentafluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(butyl)(3-methylpentyl) phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(butyl) (hexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl) (3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(trifluoroindenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl) (perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (2,5-difluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁺; [(ethyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl) (perfluoropentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl (perfluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (2,5-difluorophenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl)) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl)) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl)) (propyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(3,4-difluorophenyl) (2,3-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (heptyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))(isohexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (octyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻; [(ethyl (trimethylsilyl)) (ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(heptyl) (ethyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(hexyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(hexyl) (perfluoroheptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(hexyl) (t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (3,4-difluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (perfluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl) (perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl (pentafluorofluorenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(isohexyl)(propyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl-[(perfluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; (bis(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(isohexyl) (3-methylpentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(isopentyl)(methyl (triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[tris(perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(isopentyl) (propyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(isopentyl) (perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(tetrafluoroindenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(isopropyl) (perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻; [(methyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl) (isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl) (2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (tetrafluoronaphthyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl) (ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl (triethylsilyl)) (ethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl (perfluoronapthyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl (triethylsilyl))(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl (triethylsilyl))(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl(triethylsilyl)) (perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl (perfluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl))(perfluoropentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ((methyl (triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(octyl) (1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluoronapthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(octyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(octyl) (isopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (pentafluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(octyl)(isopropyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (tetrafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(octyl)(perfluoroethyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(pentyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(pentyl)(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorobutyl) (isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorobutyl) (isohexyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorobutyl) (perfluorophenyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroethyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)arsonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroethyl)(ethyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(trifluoroindenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroethyl)(perfluoromethyl) phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]^(+-2,3)-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(perfluoroheptyl) (perfluoropropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroheptyl)(perfluoroisopentyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (3,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(perfluorohexyl) (isopropyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorohexyl) (perfluoropropyl)phosphonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorohexyl) (perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(perfluoroisopentyl) (ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl (perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (pentafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻;[(perfluoroisopentyl) (perfluorobutyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl (3,4-difluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl) (methyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl) (ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl)(perfluoroheptyl) arsonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoroisopropyl) ((methyl(triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoromethyl)(isopropyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(perfluorooctyl) (perfluoropentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorooctyl) (perfluorobutyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl) (tetrafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻;[(perfluoropentyl) (perfluoro-t-butyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (pentafluoronaphthyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoropyrenyl) (perfluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoropentyl)(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (pentafluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(perfluoropentyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl)(methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluoroindenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl)(methyl) phosphonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl)(octyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoropropyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluoronapthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl)(methyl) ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoromethyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl) (perfluoroindenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorohexyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(2,3-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoropropyl) (isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(perfluoropropyl) (perfluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (2,5-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻;[(perfluoropropyl) (methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(perfluoro-t-butyl) (3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(2,3-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(phenyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(phenyl) (perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(propyl) (ethyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(propyl)(3-methylpentyl)phosphonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(propyl)(3-methylpentyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(t-butyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) aluminate]⁻; [(t-butyl) (methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) aluminate]⁻; [(t-butyl)(perfluoroethyl) ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluorofluorenyl) aluminate]⁻.

Exemplary Gallium-based Zwitterionic Cocatalyst Activators

[((methyl (triethylsilyl))) (3-methylpentyl)ammonium]+--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) gallinate]−; [(1,2-difluorohexyl) (ethyl(tri-ethylsilyl)) ammonium]+--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) gallinate]−; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (butyl)phosphonium]+--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (2,3-difluorophenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl) gallinate]−; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (perfluoro-t-butyl)phosphonium]+--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl (2,5-difluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (phenyl)phosphonium]+--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) gallinate]−;[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (pentyl)phosphonium]+--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) gallinate]−; [(3-methylpentyl)(butyl) arsonium]+--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) gallinate]−;[(3-methylpentyl) (octyl)ammonium]+--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(butyl) (isohexyl)ammonium]+--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) gallinate]−; (bis(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]+--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (perfluoronapthyl) gallinate]⁻; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]+--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl) (2,4-difluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]+--perfluoronapthyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl (2,5-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) gallinate]−; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl))(perfluorohexyl) phosphonium]+--perfluorofluorenyl-[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (3-methylpentyl)ammonium]+--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) gallinate]−; [(ethyl (triethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]+--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl) (tetrafluoronaphthyl) gallinate]−; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (3-methylpentyl)ammonium]+--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(heptyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(hexyl) (2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)arsonium]+--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) gallinate]−; [(isohexyl)(propyl) ammonium]+--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) gallinate]−; [(isohexyl)(3-methylpentyl) ammonium]+--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl) (perfluoroindenyl) gallinate]−; [(isohexyl) (ethyl)ammonium]+--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) gallinate]−; [(isohexyl) (ethyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]+--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (perfluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(isopropyl)(phenyl) phosphonium]+--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (2,3-difluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(isopropyl)(perfluoromethyl) ammonium]+--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) gallinate]−;(bis(isopropyl) ammonium]+--perfluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl) (perfluoropyrenyl) gallinate]−; [(isopropyl)(ethyl (trimethylsilyl))arsonium]+--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl) gallinate]−; (bis(methyl)ammonium]+--2,3-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) gallinate]−; [(methyl) (ethyl)ammonium]+--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) gallinate]−; [(methyl) (octyl)ammonium]+--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl) (trifluoroindenyl) gallinate]−; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]+--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl (perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl) gallinate]−; [(methyl (trimethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl) arsonium]+--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluoroindenyl) (perfluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (perfluorohexyl)phosphonium]+--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) gallinate]−; [(pentyl) (ethyl)ammonium]+--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) gallinate]−; [(perfluorobutyl) (perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]+--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl) (trifluoroindenyl)gallinate]−; [(perfluorobutyl) (perfluorophenyl)arsonium]+--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl) (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl) gallinate]−;(bis(perfluorohexyl)arsonium]+--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl (perfluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) gallinate]−; [(perfluorohexyl) (methyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]+--perfluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) gallinate]−;[(perfluorohexyl) (ethyl)phosphonium]+--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl) gallinate]−; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (butyl)ammonium]+--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl) gallinate]−; [(perfluoroisopropyl)(perfluoromethyl) ammonium]+--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl) gallinate]−; [(perfluorooctyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) ammonium]+--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl) (perluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(perfluorophenyl)(methyl (trimethylsilyl))ammonium]+--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl (perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl) gallinate]−; [(perfluorophenyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]+--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl) (perfluorobiphenyl) gallinate]−; [(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoromethyl) arsonium]+--perfluoroindenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(2,3-difluorophenyl) (perfluorophenyl) gallinate]−; [(perfluoropropyl)(propyl) phosphonium]+--perfluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (pentafluorofluorenyl) gallinate]−;[(perfluoro-t-butyl) (ethyl)ammonium]+--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) gallinate]−; [(t-butyl) (isohexyl)ammonium]+--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoropyrenyl) gallinate]−; [(t-butyl) (perfluoroisopropyl)phosphonium]+--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl (perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) gallinate]

Exemplary Zwitterionic Cocatalyst/Catalyst Systems Before Reaction toActivate the Catalyst

[(methyl(triethylsilyl)) (2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (perfluoropentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(perfluoropentyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(pentafluorofluorenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(1,6-difluorohexyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(butyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(ethyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl) (4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl(cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;[(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl) (4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl(cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(heptyl) (isopentyl)arsonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(isohexyl)(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(methyl(triethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(pentyl)(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl) (4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl(cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(perluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(perfluoropentyl) (t-butyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/(4-alkyl-1-phenyl)(4-t-butyl-1-phenyl)methyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(octyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁻--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoropentyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(octyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3,5-trifuorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)((methyl(triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(butyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(butyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl)(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻l(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(hexyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(phenyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl-[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(isopentyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl) borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(isopropyl) (perfluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorooctyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorooctyl)(octyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoropentyl)(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoropropyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (heptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(pentafluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)gallinate]⁻/(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(1,6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(isopropyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(2,5-difluorophenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (octyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl) (perfluoropropyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(tetrafluoroindenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(3-methylpentyl)(isopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(3-methylpentyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(isopentyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(heptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(pentyl)(perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl;(bis(t-butyl)ammonium]⁺-perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(trifluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(pentyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[tris(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(phenyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorohexyl)(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(phenyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(isohexyl) (t-butyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)gallinate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(pentyl) (t-butyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(trifluoroindenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)gallinate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl-[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)gallinate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutyl-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(t-butyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl)gallinate]⁻/bis(1,3-dibutylmethyl-cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; (bis((methyl(triethylsilyl)))phosphonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl[((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl ;[((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl ;[((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl (cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;(bis(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;[(3-methylpentyl)(ethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl (cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(3-methylpentyl)(propyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;[(perfluoromethyl)(octyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(phenyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;[(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)gallinate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))arsonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (2,7-di-t-butylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(butyl)((methyl(triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl).(tetrafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(pentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl[(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (t-butyl)phosphonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl ; [(perfluoromethyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; i(perfluoro-t-butyl)(pentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(perfluoropentyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(isopentyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(pentyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;(bis(perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl [(perfluorohexyl)((methyl(triethylsilyl)))phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(propyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoropropyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl (cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(pentyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)gallinate]⁻/bis(4-trisethylsilyl)methyl(cyclopentadienyl) (fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorobutyl)(octyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/bis(hexamethyl disilazido) titaniumdimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(hexamethyl disilazido) titaniumdimethyl; [(isohexyl)(butyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/bis(hexamethyl disilazido) titaniumdimethyl; [(isohexyl)(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl-[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/bis(hexamethyl disilazido) titaniumdimethyl; [(perfluorohexyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/bis(hexamethyl disilazido) titaniumdimethyl; [(perfluoroisopropyl) (ethyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/bis(hexamethyl disilazido) titanium dimethyl;[(perfluorophenyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/bis(hexamethyl disilazido) titanium dimethyl;[(propyl)(perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/bis(hexamethyl disilazido) titaniumdimethyl; [(isopentyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)gallinate]⁻/bis(hexamethyl disilazido) titaniumdimethyl; [(perfluoroethyl)(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(perfluoroethyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(perfluoropropyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (perfluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(butyl)((methyl(triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(phenyl)ammonium]⁺-perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(perfluorohexyl)(octyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(perfluorooctyl)(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(perfluorophenyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(perfluoromethyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsily (bisindenyl) zirconiumdichloride; [(isohexyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilybisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(octyl)(perfluoropentyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(2,3-difluorophenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsily-bisindenyl hafniumdimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (pentyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily-bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (ethyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily-bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(propyl)(methyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsily-bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;(bis(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsily-bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(butyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(isohexyl)(perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(isopentyl)(ethyl)arsonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(perfluoroisopentyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(perfluoroisopropyl)(3-methylpentyl)arsonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(hexyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(methyl)(butyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(octyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(octyl)(propyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(perfluoroethyl)(perfluoroheptyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--(perfluoronapthyl(perfluoroindenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(perfluorophenyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(t-butyl) (3-methylpentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(methyl(triethylsilyl))(butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) (adamantyl-1-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (heptyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(pentyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(perfluorobutyl)(perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(perfluoropentyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[bis(2,4-difluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (hexyl)phosphonium]⁺-pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(trifluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(heptyl)(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl;[(isohexyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(isopentyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(octyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(trifluoroindenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl;

[(perfluoroheptyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl;(bis(t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl (tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)t-butyl-amino) titanium dimethyl;(bis(butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (heptyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; (bis((methyl(triethylsilyl)))phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (butyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (perfluoroisopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(perfluorobutyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(octyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(perfluorooctyl) (3-methylpentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(ethyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(t-butyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(methylindenyl) hafniumdimethyl; [(perfluoroethyl)(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorooctyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(naphthylmethylindenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(methyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl(triethylsilyl)) (methyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(phenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(perfluorooctyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorooctyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoropropyl)(butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(naphthylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(2,3,5-trifuorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(1,2-difluorohexyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(phenyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl)(phenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(isohexyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl;(bis(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(heptyl) (perfluoroethyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl-[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluoroindenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(isopropyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(isopropyl)(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(pentyl) (2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorohexyl)(methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoro-t-butyl) (butyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(propyl) (methyl)phosphonium]^(+-2,4)-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(propyl) (perfluoroisopentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(pentafluorofluorenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bis(phenylmethylindenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(trifluoroindenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafniumdimethyl; [(isohexyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(perfluoroheptyl)(perfluorohexyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafniumdimethyl; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(3-methylpentyl)(perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(isopentyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(2,4-difluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(isopentyl) (butyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(methyl)(pentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(perfluorobutyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl bisindenyl hafnium dimethyl;[(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(heptyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(pentafluorofluorenyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(heptyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(isohexyl) (perfluoroheptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(isohexyl)(methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(pentafluorofluorenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(perfluoroethyl) (perfluoropropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(butyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl-[bis(pentafluoronaphthyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl)) (pentyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(heptyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(hexyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(perfluoromethyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [(perfluorooctyl)(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[bis(2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dihydride; [((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(butyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorophenyl) (perfluorobutyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(propyl) (isopentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(perfluoroisopentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; 1(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(perfluoroethyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(propyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(isohexyl) (hexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl(triethylsilyl))(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorophenyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(propyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(ethyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsily(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(dodecylamido) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(phenyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(3-methylpentyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(heptyl)(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(hexyl) (perfluoroheptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(hexyl)(butyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(perfluorobutyl)arsonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(isopropyl)(phenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(pentyl) (2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoroheptyl)(perfluorophenyl)arsonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorohexyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorohexyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluoroindenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoropentyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(phenyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(phenyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(phenyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(pentyl)(propyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(t-butylamido) zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(methyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tertbutylamido) titanium dichloride; [(ethyl)(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(perfluoroisopentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(methyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(octyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tertbutylamido) titanium dichloride; [(perfluorobutyl) (perfluoroethyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [(perfluorobutyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [(perfluorobutyl)(ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [(perfluoropropyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(tert-butylamido) titanium dichloride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(heptyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorohexyl) (1,6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoropentyl)(phenyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoropropyl)(phenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(phenyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(propyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perluoronapthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorohexyl) ((methyl(triethylsilyl())ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(2-methylbenzindenyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(trifluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride; [(hexyl) (perfluoroisopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (perfluoropentyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride; [(perfluorooctyl)((methyl(triethylsilyl()))arsonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride;(bis(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride; [(isohexyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride; [(isohexyl) ((methyl(triethylsilyl)))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride; [(methyl(triethylsilyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/dimethylsilylbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirconium dichloride; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(isopropyl)(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(trifluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(3-methylpentyl)(perfluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(isopentyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(2,3-difluorophenyl) (tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl(cylcopentadienyl) (2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(octyl)(perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[bis(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(octyl) (butyl)phosphonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl) (octyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorophenyl)(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorophenyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;(bis(perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoropropyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(phenyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(propyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(t-butyl)(methyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(perfluoroheptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)gallinate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-dimethylfluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(isopentyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorohexyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; (bis(1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; (bis(heptyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(methyl(triethylsilyl))(perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluorohexyl)(perfluoroethyl) phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(heptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))arsonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(t-butyl)(3-methylpentyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoropentyl)(perfluoromethyl)phosphonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(2,7-di-t-butyl-fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(pentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl;(bis(octyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(phenyl) (methyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(pentyl)(butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl)(fluorenyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoropropyl)(perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (cylcopentadienyl) (fluorenyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl) (perfluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(heptyl)(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[tris(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl(fluorenyl) (cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoroethyl)(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(propyl)(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(phenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(butyl) (perfluoroisopentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,3-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl) (methyl)phosphonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(perfluoropropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(isopropyl)(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl) (cyclopentadienyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoropentyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl) (cyclopentadienyl)hafnium dimethyl; [(perfluoropropyl)(3-methylpentyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) hafnium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl;(bis(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(3-methylpentyl)(methyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl) (cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(isopentyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(pentafluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl) (cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoroisopropyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorooctyl)(3-methylpentyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorooctyl)(ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(phenyl)(t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl) (cyclopentadienyl)zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoropentyl)(methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluoroindenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)gallinate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(phenyl)(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/diphenylmethyl (fluorenyl)(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(hexyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(ethyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) (perfluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(methyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)arsonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(heptyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(heptyl)(phenyl)ammonium]+-2,4-difluorophenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(perfluoroheptyl)(methyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(perfluorooctyl) ((methyl(triethylsilyl)))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(perfluorooctyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(perfluorophenyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(perfluoropropyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;(bis(perfluoropropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(phenyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(phenyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(propyl) (pentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(butyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)gallinate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl) vanadium;[(perfluoromethyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[tris(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/oxotris(trimethlsilylmethyl)vanadium; [(methyl(triethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl titaniumisopropoxide; [(perfluorohexyl) (pentyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[tris(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titanium isopropoxide; [(perfluorophenyl)(t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl titaniumisopropoxide; [(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl) ((methyl(triethylsilyl)))phosphonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl titaniumisopropoxide; [(pentyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl titaniumisopropoxide; [(phenyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl titaniumisopropoxide; [(phenyl)(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl titaniumisopropoxide; [(pentyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)gallinate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl titaniumisopropoxide; [(perfluoroethyl) (perfluoromethyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[tris(perfluorobiphenyl)gallinate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titanium isopropoxide; [(perfluoropropyl)(perfluoroethyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)gallinate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl titaniumisopropoxide; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(ethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium; [(perfluorooctyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyltribenzyl titanium; [(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium; [(perfluoro-t-butyl) (2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)phosphonium]⁺--3,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium; [(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium;(bis(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(trifluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(pentyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium; [(heptyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl)arsonium]⁺--perluorophenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium; [(isohexyl)(methyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium;(bis(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium; [(t-butyl)(perfluoroethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl tribenzyltitanium; [(1 2-difluorohexyl) (1 6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(perfluorobutyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl)) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(propyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; (bis(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(hexyl)(methyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(isohexyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(methyl(triethylsilyl)) (butyl)phosphonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[tris(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyltitanium trimethyl; [(methyl(triethylsilyl))(perfluoroethyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(octyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[bis(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(pentyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(perfluoroheptyl)(perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl) (methyl(triethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(isopentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoropyrenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(perfluoropropyl)(perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(perfluoropropyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [(isohexyl)((methyl(triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(trifluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)gallinate]⁻/pentamethylcyclopentadienyl titaniumtrimethyl; [((methyl(triethylsilyl)))(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl;[((methyl(triethylsilyl))) (octyl)phosphonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(methyl)(perfluorooctyl)phosphonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoromethyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(3-methylpentyl)(1,2-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(isohexyl)arsonium]⁺--tetrafluoroindenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(isohexyl)(methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(tetrafluoroindenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluoroisopentyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorooctyl)((methyl(triethylsilyl)))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(tetrafluoronaphthyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(perfluorophenyl)(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,4-difluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/silacyclobutyl(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)(n-propylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(trifluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl))zirconium; [(methyl(triethylsilyl))(butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl))zirconium; [(t-butyl) (perfluoroisopropyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl))zirconium; [(3-methylpentyl)(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl)) zirconium;[(hexyl)(t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl)) zirconium;[(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(pentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl))zirconium; [(perfluorohexyl)(methyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl)) zirconium;(bis(perfluoromethyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[bis(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl)) zirconium;[(perfluoro-t-butyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl)) zirconium;[(phenyl)(perfluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl)) zirconium;[(perfluoropentyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)gallinate]⁻/tetra(bis(trimethylsilylmethyl))zirconium; [(1,2-difluorohexyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(isopentyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(2,3-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(perfluoroethyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(perfluoromethyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium;[(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(3-methylpentyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perluoronapthyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(butyl)(2,3,6,7-tetrafluorooctyl)arsonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium;[(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(perfluorobutyl)(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(2,3-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl) borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(perfluoroethyl)(1,6-difluorohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoropyrenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(perfluoroisopropyl)(perfluoroheptyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(perfluoroisopropyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(octyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(pentyl)(perfluoroheptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(peruoronapthyl(pentafluorofluorenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium; [(perfluorohexyl)(heptyl)arsonium]⁺--perfluoropyrenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)gallinate]⁻/tetrabenzyl hafnium;

[(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))(heptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorophenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl titanium; [(isopentyl)(phenyl)phosphonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluoronapthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl titanium; [(hexyl)(perfluoroheptyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl titanium; [(isohexyl)(propyl)arsonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl titanium; [(perfluoroethyl)(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(3,4-difluorophenyl)(pentafluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl titanium; [(perfluorohexyl)(perfluoropropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl titanium; [(perfluoropropyl)(isopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(pentafluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl titanium; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(pentafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl titanium; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(methyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl titanium; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium; [(heptyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium;(bis(methyl)ammonium]⁺--2,3,5-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium; [(perfluorobutyl)(propyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium;[(perfluoromethyl)((methyl(triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--2,4-difluorophenyl--[(2,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium;[((methyl(triethylsilyl))) (isohexyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(perfluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium; [(ethyl)(perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(2,5-difluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium;[(ethyl(triethylsilyl)) ((methyl(triethylsilyl)))phosphonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(trifluoroindenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium;[(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(1,6-difluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium; [(perfluorobutyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium;[(perfluoromethyl)(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(3r4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium;[(methyl(trimethylsilyl))(t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(3,4-difluorophenyl(perfluoropyrenyl)(perfluoroindenyl)gallinate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium; [(pentyl)(methyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(pentafluorofluorenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)gallinate]⁻/tetrabenzyl zirconium; [(butyl)(perfluoro-t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(2,3-difluorophenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)aluminate]⁻tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(3-methylpentyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[tris(perfluorobiphenyl)aluminate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilyl methyl) niobium dichloride;(bis(ethyl(triethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(perfluorophenyl)(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(3-methylpentyl)(propyl)ammonium]⁺--2,5-difluorophenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(hexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoronapthyl(tetrafluoroindenyl)(2,5-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(perfluorooctyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorophenyl--[bis(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(perfluoroindenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(isohexyl)(perfluoroisopropyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(perfluoroindenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(perfluorobutyl)(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(perfluoroethyl) (perfluorophenyl)phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluorofluorenyl)(perfluorobiphenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(perfluoroheptyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))arsonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(perfluoromethyl)(octyl)ammonium]⁺--pentafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorophenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(phenyl)(t-butyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[bis(perfluorophenyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(methyl(triethylsilyl))(isohexyl)ammonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(perfluorobiphenyl(pentafluoronaphthyl)(perfluoronapthyl)gallinate]⁻/tris(trimethyl silyl methyl) niobiumdichloride; [(3-methylpentyl)(perfluorohexyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(perfluorophenyl(2,3,5-trifluorophenyl)(perfluoronapthyl)aluminate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) tantalumdichloride; [(perfluoroisopropyl) (perfluorooctyl)phosphonium]⁺--2,3,4-trifluorophenyl--[bis(perfluorobiphenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)aluminate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) tantalumdichloride; [(1,6-difluorohexyl)(perfluoroheptyl)ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) tantalumdichloride; [(ethyl(triethylsilyl))((methyl(triethylsilyl)))ammonium]⁺--trifluoroindenyl--[(perfluorofluorenyl(2,4-difluorophenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) tantalumdichloride; [(hexyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorofluorenyl--[(pentafluoronaphthyl(perfluorobiphenyl)(3,4-difluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) tantalumdichloride; [(isohexyl) (ethyl(trimethylsilyl))phosphonium]⁺--perfluoronapthyl--[bis(perfluoronapthyl)(tetrafluoronaphthyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) tantalumdichloride; [(isohexyl)(ethyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluorobiphenyl--[(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl(perfluorofluorenyl)(tetrafluoroindenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) tantalumdichloride; [(perfluoromethyl)(methyl(trimethylsilyl))ammonium]⁺--perfluoroindenyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(tetrafluoronaphthyl)(perfluorofluorenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) tantalumdichloride; [(perfluoro-t-butyl)(perfluoroisopentyl)arsonium]⁺--tetrafluoronaphthyl--[(tetrafluoroindenyl(2,5-difluorophenyl)(2,3,4-trifluorophenyl)borate]⁻/tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) tantalumdichloride.

EXAMPLES

The following examples are presented to illustrate the foregoingdiscussion. All parts, proportions, and percentages are by weight unlessotherwise indicated. Where necessary, the examples were carried out indry, oxygen-free environments and solvents. Although the examples may bedirected to certain embodiments of the present invention, they do notlimit the invention in any specific respect. Certain abbreviations areused to facilitate the description. These include standard chemicalabbreviations for the elements and certain commonly acceptedabbreviations, such as: Me=methyl, Et=ethyl, n-Pr=normal-propyl,t-Bu=tertiary-butyl, Ph=phenyl, pfp=pentafluorophenyl,Cp=cyclopentadienyl, Ind=indenyl, Flu=fluorenyl, TMS=trimethylsilyl,TES=triethylsilyl and THF (or thf)=tetrahydrofuran.

All molecular weights are weight average molecular weight unlessother-wise noted. Molecular weights (weight average molecular weight(Mw)) and number average molecular weight (Mn) were measured by GelPermeation Chromatography (GPC) using a Waters 150 Gel PermeationChromatograph equipped with a differential refractive index (DRI) andlow angle light scattering (LS) detectors. The GPC instrument wascalibrated using polystyrene standards. Samples were run in1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (135° C.) using three Polymer Laboratories PC Gelmixed B columns in series. This general technique is discussed in“Liquid Chromatography of Polymers and Related Materials III′”J. CazesEd., Marcel Decker, 1981, page 207. No corrections for column spreadingwere employed; but data on generally accepted standards, e.g. NationalInstitute of Standards and Technology Polyethylene 1475, demonstrated aprecision with 0.2 units for Mw/Mn as calculated from elution times.

Synthesis of BrC₆F₄—N(CH₂CH₂)₂: Two grams of pyrrolidine were added to asolution of pentafluorobromobenzene (9 grams) in DMSO. The reactionmixture was stirred and warmed to 55° C. for 1 hour. The reaction vesselcontents of the reaction were added to a mixture of water, ice and 5%NaHSO₄. Two hundred milliliters of diethyl ether were added to thismixture. The layers were separated. Then, the aqueous layer wasextracted once more with 100 milliliters of diethyl ether. All organiclayers were combined and dried with MgSO₄. MgSO₄ was filtered off andthe solvent was removed. This procedure left a white crystallineproduct. Diethyl ether recrystallization gave pure product: yield=5.25grams, 63%. ¹⁹F NMR (CDCl₃, 25° C.) δ −136.9 (m, 2F), −153.6 (m, 2F). ¹HNMR (Toluene-d₈, 25° C.) δ 3.12 (m, 4H), 1.33 (m, 4H).

Synthesis of [Li(Et₂O)₂][(C₆F₅)₃BC₆F₄—N(CH₂CH₂)₂]: One equivalent ofBuLi (2.0 milliliters, 2M) was added to a cold (−78° C.) solution ofBrC₆F₄N(CH₂CH₂)₂ (0.954 grams) in diethyl ether. The reaction wasstirred for 30 minutes. A 50:50 toluene:diethyl ether solution of(C₆F₅)₃B (1.638 grams) was added. The reaction was allowed to reach roomtemperature. Trituration with pentane gave an off-white solid. The ¹⁹FNMR indicated a small amount of impurity. This impurity is likelyresidual (C₆F₅)₃B. These solids were used without further purification.The impurity was removed in a latter step (see next example): yield=71%.¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 25° C.) δ 3.70 (q, 8H), 3.58 (bs, 4H), 2.03 (bs, 4H),1.26 (t, 12H). ¹⁹F NMR (CDCl₃, 25° C.) δ 132.8 (m, 2F), −133.8 (m, 2F),−134.6 (m, 4F), −158.4 (m, 2F), −167.6 (t, 3F), −166.5 (m, 2F), −167.0(m, 4F).

Synthesis of (C₆F₅)₃BC₆F₄—N(CH₂CH₂)₂(H)-Method A: Anhydrous HCl gas wasadded to a methylene chloride solution of[Li(Et₂O)₂][(C₆F₅)₃BC₆F₄—N(CH₂CH₂)₂]. The HCl was prepared in situ byadding concentrated sulfuric acid to sodium chloride and transferringthe gas via cannula. The solution turned yellow during HCl addition.Precipitated LiCl was filtered and the solvent was removed. The productwas suspended in a methylene chloride/pentane mixture, and then thissuspension was filtered. The product was a white powder: yield=33%. ¹⁹FNMR (CDCl₃, 25° C.) δ 12.9 (m, 2F), 31 128.9 (m, 4F), −129.5 (m, 2F),−147.5 (m, 2F), −155.8 (t, 3F). −162.9 (m, 4F), −163.5 (m, 2F).

Method B: An excess of concentrated, aqueous HCl was added to an aqueoussolution of [Li(Et₂O)₂][(C₆F₅)₃BC₆F₄—N(CH₂CH₂)₂]. A precipitate formedimmediately. This precipitate was collected and washed thoroughly withhexanes and dried under high vacuum (10⁻⁴ torr, 80° C., 16 hours). Theproduct was washed with very cold methylene chloride to yield a whitecrystalline product: yield=46 %.

Synthesis of LiC₆H₄—N(CH₃)₂: BuLi was added to a 1:1 pentane:diethylether solution of 4-bromo-N,N-dimithylaniline. The reaction was stirredover night (16 hours). White precipitate formed. This precipitate wasfiltered and washed with cold pentane. The residual pentane was removedunder vacuum. The solid was characterized by ¹H NMR. 8.8 (d, 2H), 6.82(d, 2H), 2.75 (s, 6H): yield=61%.

Synthesis of [Li(Et₂O)₂][(C₆F₅)₃BC₆H₄—N(CH₃)₂]: A pentane solution of(C₆F₅)₃B was added to a pentane suspension of LiC₆H₄—N(CH₃)₂. Theproduct appeared as a white precipitate. The reaction was stirred overtwo and one half days. The product was filtered and washed with pentane.The product was characterized by H, B, and F NMR.

Synthesis of (C₆F₅)₃BC₆H₄—N(CH₃)₂(H): Method A (see above) was used tomake this zwitterion.

Polymerization reactions: The copolymerization of ethylene and propylenewere carried out in a 2-liter, continuous reactor operating at 100° C.Bis(triethylsilyl-4-phenyl-1)methylene(2,7-(di-t-butyl)fluorenyl)cyclopentadienyl)hafniumdimethyl was the catalyst. In all cases, the polymerization solvent washexanes, while the activation solvent was toluene. Standard runs using[B(C₆F₅)₄][C₆H₅NMe₂H] as the activating cocatalyst were carried outprior to each experiment to test reactor reproducibility. Standard runresults are not given. For each experiment, two collections were taken.The grouping is as follows:

EXPERIMENT RUN (TABLE 1) ACTIVATOR 1 1, 2 (C₆F₅)₃BC₆F₄—N(CH₂CH₂)₂(H) 23, 4 (C₆F₅)₃BC₆F₄—N(CH₂CH₂)₂(H) 3 5, 6 (C₆F₅)₃BC₆H₄—N(CH₃)₂(H)

Trioctylaluminum was used as the scavenger in all runs (25% wt). Thescavenger-catalyst mole ratios for these two reactions were less than10. The polymers were precipitated with isopropyl alcohol and dried in avacuum oven at 75° C. The ethylene percentages in the samples weredetermined by FTIR (calibrated to NMR), while the molecular weights weremeasured by GPC.

TABLE 1 Ethylene/propylene copolymerizations Activity % C₂ = in % C₂ =Run (g/g) polymer converted Mn Mw 1 10667 77.5 60.6 2 7529 78.5 43.2242800 454500 3 7445 57.5 45.2 4 6240 58.5 40.8 187207 333962 5 916656.1 37.6 6 8403 57.2 35.1 208446 399600

While certain representative embodiments and details have been shown toillustrate the invention, it will be apparent to skilled artisans thatvarious process and product changes from those disclosed in thisapplication may be made without departing from this invention's scope,which the appended claims define.

All cited patents, test procedures, priority documents, and other citeddocuments are fully incorporated by reference to the extent that thismaterial is consistent with this specification and for all jurisdictionsin which such incorporation is permitted.

Certain features of the present invention are described in terms of aset of numerical upper limits and a set of numerical lower limits. Thisspecification discloses all ranges formed by any combination of theselimits. All combinations of these limits are within the scope of theinvention unless otherwise indicated.

1. A catalyst system comprising a catalyst precursor that comprises a metal, and a cocatalyst compound that comprises: (a) a Group-13 anionic portion; (b) a cationic portion capable of activating the catalyst precursor; and (c) a spacing group, comprising two ends and a middle part wherein the middle part comprises a fluorinated ring moiety, connected to the Group-13 anionic portion on one end and connected to the cationic portion on the other end.
 2. The catalyst system of claim 1 wherein the Group-13 anionic portion comprises a Group-13 central atom with a multiplicity of the same or different fluorinated aryl ligands.
 3. The catalyst system of claim 2 wherein the Group-13 central atom is boron.
 4. The catalyst system of claim 2 wherein the Group-13 central atom is aluminum.
 5. The catalyst system of claim 2 wherein the aryl portion of at least one fluorinated aryl ligand is phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, fluorenyl, or anthracenyl.
 6. The catalyst system of claim 5 wherein the aryl portion of at least one fluorinated aryl ligand is phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl.
 7. The catalyst system of claim 2 wherein the aryl portion of at least one fluorinated aryl ligand is substantially fluorinated.
 8. The catalyst system of claim 7 wherein the aryl portion of at least one fluorinated aryl ligand is perfluorinated.
 9. The catalyst system of claim 1 wherein the ring moiety comprises a fluorinated homocyclic or heterocyclic aromatic, multi-, or fused-ring moiety.
 10. The catalyst system of claim 9 wherein the ring moiety is fluorinated phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl.
 11. The catalyst system of claim 9 wherein the ring moiety is perfluorinated.
 12. The catalyst system of claim 1 wherein the cationic portion is —PnR₂H⁺ wherein each R is the same or different alkyl and Pn is N, P, or As.
 13. The catalyst system of claim 12 wherein Pn is N or P.
 14. The catalyst system of claim 13 wherein Pn is N.
 15. The catalyst system of claim 14 wherein the distal end of one R connects to the distal end of the other R to form a ring.
 16. The catalyst system of claim 1 wherein the cationic portion is selected from the group consisting of silylium, trityl carbenium, Group-12 metal, anilinium, ammonium, phosphonium, and arsonium cations, and anilinium, ammonium, phosphonium, and arsonium cationic derivatives wherein the cationic derivatives contain C₁-C₈ hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl, or hydrocarbyl-amine substituents for one or more cation hydrogen atoms.
 17. The catalyst system of claim 16 wherein the cationic portion is selected from the group consisting of anilinium and ammonium cations; and anilinium and ammonium cationic derivatives containing C₁-C₈ hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl, or hydrocarbyl-amine substituents on one or more cation hydrogen atoms.
 18. The catalyst system of claim 1 wherein the catalyst precursor is a metallocene catalyst precursor, a bisamide catalyst precursor, an amine bisamide catalyst precursor, or a pyridine bisamide catalyst precursor.
 19. An olefin polymerization method comprising: (a) providing the catalyst system of claims 1-18; (b) combining the catalyst precursor with the cocatalyst to form an activated catalyst and a non-coordinating anion; and (c) supplying polymerizable olefin to the activated catalyst.
 20. A polyolefin prepared using the catalyst system of claims 1-18.
 21. An article of manufacture prepared using a polyolefin prepared using the catalyst system of claims 1-18.
 22. A method of preparing the cocatalyst compound of claims 1-18 comprising: (a) combining a secondary amine or phosphine with a fluorobromoarene; (b) reducing the product of step (a); followed by (c) adding tris(fluoroaryl)Tr (Tr=B or Al) to the reduced product; and (d) adding hydrogen chloride gas to the mixture.
 23. The method of claim 22 wherein Tr is boron.
 24. The method of claim 22 wherein the secondary amine is a heterocyclic amine.
 25. The method of claim 24 wherein the heterocyclic amine is pyrrolidine.
 26. The method of claim 22 wherein the fluorobromoarene is a C₆-C₁₂ aromatic compound.
 27. The method of claim 22 wherein the aryl portion of the fluorobromoarene is benzene, naphthalene, or biphenyl.
 28. The method of claim 27 wherein the fluorobromoarene is pentafluorobromobenzene.
 29. The method of claim 22 wherein the fluorobromoarene is a perfluorinated bromoarene.
 30. The method of claim 23 wherein the aryl groups of the tris(fluoroaryl)borane are independently fluorine-substituted phenyl, naphthyl, or biphenyl groups.
 31. The method of claim 30 wherein the aryl groups of the tris(fluoroaryl)borane are perfluorinated.
 32. The method of claim 31 wherein the tris(fluoroaryl)borane is tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane.
 33. A method of prepolymerizing a catalyst system comprising: (a) providing the catalyst system of claims 1-18; (b) combining the catalyst precursor and the cocatalyst to form an activated catalyst and a non-coordinating ion; (c) supplying a controlled amount of olefin monomer(s) to the activated catalyst; and (d) collecting a prepolymerized catalyst. 